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M _ L _ S Clue
IT WILL TAKE 2 HOURS TO MEET. METHOD 1: IGNORE THE SPEED OF THE STREAM, AS THE BOBBER WILL BE CARRIED ALONG AT THREE MILES PER HOUR AS WILL YOU. IT TAKES TWO HOURS TO TRAVEL FOURTEEN MILES, AT A RATE OF SEVEN MILES PER HOUR. METHOD 2: AS THE BOBBER TRAVELS AT 3 MPH, IT WILL BE SIX MILES CLOSER TO YOU IN TWO HOURS. THE DISTANCE BETWEEN YOU AND THE BOBBER BECOMES 8 MILES (14 - 6). IN TWO HOURS YOU WOULD HAVE TRAVELLED 8 ( (7-3) X 2 ) MILES KOLKHOZ IS 120 MILES AWAY FROM THE CITY AND THE TRUCK SHOULD TRAVEL AT 24 MILES AN HOUR. AT 30 MILES PER HOUR A TRUCK TRAVELS A MILE IN 2 MINUTES; AT 20 MILES PER HOUR, IN 3 MINUTES. AT THE LATTER SPEED THE TRUCK IS 1 MINUTE SLOWER PER MILE. TO LOSE 2 HOURS, OR 120 MINUTES, TAKES 120 MILES, WHICH IS HOW FAR THE KOLHOZ IS FROM THE CITY. AT 30 MPH, THE TRUCK WOULD COVER 120 MILES IN 4 HOURS. THE TRIP IS TO TAKE 1 HOUR LONGER, OR TO ARRIVE AT 11:00 A.M., AND CALLS FOR A SPEED OF 24 (120/5) MILES PER HOUR FOR THE TRAIN TO PASS COMPLETELY THROUGH THE TUNNEL, IT MUST TRAVEL 2 MILES. AFTER 1 MILE TRAVEL, THE TRAIN WOULD BE COMPLETELY IN THE TUNNEL, AND AFTER ANOTHER MILE IT WOULD BE COMPLETELY OUT AND SINCE THE TRAIN IS TRAVELING AT 1 MILE A MINUTE, IT WILL TAKE 2 MINUTES TO PASS THROUGH THE TUNNEL ONE TRAIN WAS RUNNING TWICE AS FAST AS THE OTHER. LET: SPEED OF THE FAST TRAIN = F SPEED OF THE SLOW TRAIN = S TIME IT TAKES FOR THE TRAINS TO MEET (PASS EACH OTHER) = T SINCE BOTH TRAINS TRAVEL THE SAME TOTAL DISTANCE AND DISTANCE = TIME X SPEED: F(T+1) = S(T+4) WE'RE TRYING TO FIGURE OUT F/S WHICH IS EQUAL TO (T+4) / (T+1) FROM THE EQUATION ABOVE. SO WE NEED TO FIGURE OUT THE VALUE OF T. AFTER THEY MEET, THE FAST TRAIN TRAVELS ONE MORE HOUR AT SPEED F AND COVERS THE SAME DISTANCE THE SLOW TRAIN COVERED IN T HOURS: F1 = ST OR F = ST AFTER THEY MEET, THE SLOW TRAIN TRAVELS FOR 4 MORE HOURS AND COVERS THE SAME DISTANCE THE FAST TRAIN COVERED IN T HOURS: S4 = FT SUBSTITUTING ST FROM THE FIRST EQUATION IN FOR F IN THE 2ND EQUATION: 4S = STT 4 = TT 2 = T SUBSTITUTE 2 IN FOR T IN THE (T+4) / (T+1) EQUATION TO GET 6/3 OR 2. THE FAST TRAIN IS GOING TWICE AS FAST AS THE SLOW TRAIN