L _ T ' S
S _ Y
T H _ T
T H _
F _ R M _ R
_ S
T R _ N S P _ R T _ N G
T H _
W _ L F ,
T H _
S H _ _ P
_ N D
T H _
C _ B B _ G _
F R _ M
P _ _ N T
A
T _
P _ _ N T
B .
F _ R M _ R
T R _ N S P _ R T S
T H _
S H _ _ P
F R _ M
A
T _
B .
F _ R M _ R
G _ _ S
B _ C K
T _
A .
F _ R M _ R
T R _ N S P _ R T S
T H _
C _ B B _ G _
F R _ M
A
T _
B .
F _ R M _ R
T R _ N S P _ R T S
T H _
S H _ _ P
B _ C K
F R _ M
B
T _
A .
F _ R M _ R
T R _ N S P _ R T S
T H _
W _ L F
F R _ M
A
T _
B .
F _ R M _ R
G _ _ S
B _ C K
T _
A .
F _ R M _ R
T R _ N S P _ R T S
T H _
S H _ _ P
F R _ M
A
T _
B Clue
LET'S SAY THAT THE FARMER IS TRANSPORTING THE WOLF, THE SHEEP AND THE CABBAGE FROM POINT A TO POINT B. FARMER TRANSPORTS THE SHEEP FROM A TO B. FARMER GOES BACK TO A. FARMER TRANSPORTS THE CABBAGE FROM A TO B. FARMER TRANSPORTS THE SHEEP BACK FROM B TO A. FARMER TRANSPORTS THE WOLF FROM A TO B. FARMER GOES BACK TO A. FARMER TRANSPORTS THE SHEEP FROM A TO B THE SHEEP WILL SURVIVE. IF THERE WERE 1 LION AND 1 SHEEP, THEN THE LION WOULD SIMPLY EAT THE SHEEP. THE SHEEP WILL NOT SURVIVE. IF THERE WERE 2 LIONS AND 1 SHEEP, THEN NO LION WOULD EAT THE SHEEP, BECAUSE IF ONE OF THEM WOULD, IT WOULD SURELY BE EATEN BY THE OTHER LION AFTERWARDS. THE SHEEP WILL SURVIVE. IF THERE WERE 3 LIONS AND 1 SHEEP, THEN ONE OF THE LIONS COULD SAFELY EAT THE SHEEP, BECAUSE IT WOULD TURN INTO THE SCENARIO WITH 2 LIONS, WHERE NO ONE CAN EAT THE SHEEP. THE SHEEP WILL NOT SURVIVE. IF THERE WERE 4 LIONS AND 1 SHEEP, THEN NO LION WOULD EAT THE SHEEP, BECAUSE IT WOULD TURN INTO THE SCENARIO WITH 3 LIONS. THE SHEEP WILL SURVIVE. CONTINUING THIS ARGUMENT, THE CONCLUSION IS AS FOLLOWS: IF THERE IS AN EVEN NUMBER OF LIONS, THEN NOTHING HAPPENS AND THE SHEEP SURVIVES. IF THERE IS AN ODD NUMBER OF LIONS, THEN ANY LION COULD SAFELY EAT THE SHEEP AND THE SHEEP WILL NOT SURVIVE. THIS IS SIMILAR TO THE UNEXPECTED HANGING PARADOX FIRST, TAKE THE SHEEP ACROSS, COME BACK AND THEN TAKE THE BUNDLE OF GRASS. SINCE THE SHEEP WILL EAT THE GRASS IF LEFT UNATTENDED, TAKE THE SHEEP BACK ACROSS AND THEN TAKE THE LION ACROSS. THEN TAKE THE SHEEP BACK ACROSS AND THEY ARE ALL UNHARMED LET M = MISSIONARY AND C = CANNIBAL. THIS IS HOW THEY CROSS THE RIVER: M,C → ← M C,C → ← C M,M → ← M,C M,M → NOW, THERE ARE 3 MISSIONARIES AND 1 CANNIBAL ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE RIVER. THIS CANNIBAL CAN FETCH THE OTHER 2 CANNIBALS ONE BY ONE